Oil burner



May M 1940' A. c. JOHNsoN 2,200,826

OIL BURNER Filled Jan. l1. 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 14,- 1940 A. c. JOHNSON OIL` BURNER Filed Jan. '11, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 moored May' 14, 1940 UNITED s'rA'rEs PATENT OFFICE azeasze Y on. BUaNEn Albert claronoo Johnson, Brooklyn, N. Y. Appuoauon January 11, 193s, serial No. 184,437 4 claims. (ci. 15s-11i This invention relates to oil burners and fuel burning systems'of the type particularly adapted for burning heavy fuel oil and comprises an improved burner nozzle structure employing a double rotary cup gaslfler of improved design having means associated therewith for continuous preheating of both the fuel oil and air for' more thoroughly vaporizing the oil with materially improved flame and combustion of the fuel.

Important featuresv of my present improvements consist of a burner construction having a suitably driven rotary gasifler of double or inner and outer cup formation; means to deliver heated fuel oil within the inner cup for vaporization;

means for delivering a superheated air volume enveloping the inner cup for further'vaporizationof the oil; means for delivering a main, cornbustion supporting, air supply enveloping the outer cup and baffled for swirling intermixture with the combustible gas; an improved assembly providing an air and oil preheating chamber and burner support adapted for attachment to the inner side of a furnace flre door and having an oil heating coil within the chamber for preheating of the air and oilfrom the furnace combustion chamber heat; pump means for normally circulating the oil through the heating 4coil to a pressure feed tank and thence to the inner cup ofthe burner; means initially to heat the oil within the pressure tank and for automatically circulating the oil in a cycle lay-passing the burner until the determined temperature of the oil is attained and meansl for automatically opening the feed of the oil to the burner responsive to a de-.

termined operating pressure and for feeding of the oil fromthe main tank through the heating coil and to the pressure tank during the burner operation. Further improved features include automatic regulation of the oil feed and air de- 4 liveryv responsive to boiler steam pressures and other features designed to permit of obtaining the desired temperature regulation of the oil and air for improved combustion.

The described and other features and ad- 5 vantages of the present improvements will be more fully understood by reference to the accompanying drawings wherein like `reference characters are applied to the corresponding parts in the several views.-

50T In the drawings: y

Fig. 1 is a central, vertical, sectional view of a burner structure embodying the features of my invention.

' Fig. 2 is a general assembly view showing the 55 burner at right angles to Fig. l and in section on line 2-2 and with diagrammatic illustration of the piping connections with parts shown in section for better understanding thereof. r

Fig. 3 is a partial vertical sectional view of the burner on line 3-3 of Fig. 1. '5

Fig. 4 is a front elevation showing the burner cup arrangemena n Fig. 5 is a vertical sectionall view on line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

In the approved embodiment of the features of 10 my invention as here shown, the burner consists of a supporting and bearing member I having bearings 2 and 3 for a motor driven shaft or spindle 4. Upon the forward end of the shaft 4 there is secured by nut 5 a rotary burner nozzle 5 member having a rear. supporting wall or disc portion 6 and inner and outer forwardly open cup members 8 and 9; the former having an annular rearward extension III with inturned flange II. Connecting the spaced cup members 8 and 9, at the rear of the latter, are the radial fan blades I2 andthe wall 8 is provided with oil delivery ports llas shown.` The rotary cup members are enclosed within a stationary nozzle chamber member I5 supported on member l1I and provided -25 with an` outer tapered wall, circular in cross-section, spaced from the outer `cup 9 and having angularly disposed deiiecting blades I6 `extending radially inward toward the cup 9. The rear wall Il of chamber member I5 supports an oil de- 30 livery member 2li of double wall form providing an annular delivery passage 2| opening into the chamber formed by the extension I0.

Encircling the chamber member I5 and secured thereto and also to a vertical wall 25 of the 35 'member I is an annular heating chamber wall member 26, forming with the wall 25, a heating chamber 21 within which is .enclosed an oil heating coil or pipe c which is desirably curved and of corrugated section as shown for increasing the 40 heat exchange surface areas.

The described burnerstructure, including the vaporizing cup members 8 -and 9, chamber member I5 and heating chamber 26 are supported in the furnace fire door opening by attaching of the wall 25 to the usual nre door or to the inner side of the furnace wall and accordingly subjected to the high heat of the furnace combustion cham-` ber to be heated thereby. In accordance with my .invention the air preheated in the chamber 21 is. 50

passed therefrom inwardly through ports or passages 2lv to the fan blades -I2 by which it is impelledforwardly in an annular volume immediately contacting and enveloping the vaporized oil from the inner cup I whereby a high degree of vaporizatio'n is effected preparatory to admixture with and combustion by the main air supply entering through the annular passage 88 in encircling relation to the gaseous mixture and swirled by the deectors I6. The structural arrangement of the ports 28 and annular air passage 38 will be best `understood by reference to Figs. l and 3 wherein, as shown, the ports 28 extend radially' through a jacketing formation of the chamber member l5 providing the annular, horizontal passages 3|). l

'Ihe air supply to the heating chamber 21 and thence to fan I2 is through the passage 82 having atmospheric opening 33 and through the shuttered openings 34-34 as shown-in Fig. 2. The main air supply to burner passage 38 enters through ports or openings 85 in a rearward hub formation 36 of the rear plate 31 from which it passes through fan chamber 38 formed by thel plate 31 and the bearing member I and thence through passages 40 communicating with burner passage 38. The main air supply is'impelled by radial fan 42, the hub 43 of which is secured to the shaft 4 as shown. A `connecting conduit 44 having a valve 45 therein is provided communi( cating with the heating chamber at 46 and through the hub by port 41 for by-passing heated air from the chamber 21 to preheat the main air supply as desired. In co-operating relation, the passage 32, as shown, is provided with a valve 48 and opens into the lower passage 40 for circulation of air through `the heating chamber under the inuence of the main air supply fan 42.

The passage of the fuel oil to the burner, as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, is upwardly through the conduit 50 and through connecting conduit 5| to the annular delivery passage 2I. From the latter the oil is received within the rapidly rotating rearwardextension ofthe inner cup 8 to which it passes through ports I4; the oil, as will be understood, spreading over and breaking, up-upon the heated surface of the extension I8 under centrifugal action.

As a further feature of my invention and as best shown in Fig. 2, there is associated with my improved burner arrangement improved means for continuously and uniformly conditioning of the oil and regulating its passage to the burner for maintaining 'improved conditions of operation. In accordance therewith provision is made for constant circulation-of oil from the preheating coil-'c to a heated oil and pressure tank from which the oil is conducted to the burner; Incorporated therewith is means for initially pre-heating the oil for starting of the burner operation with automatic closed cycle circulation until the desired operating temperature of the oil is attained upon'which passage to the burner is permitted and the delivery from the main tank to the heating coil and cycle is opened.

To this end, the improved oil feeding arrangement includes a suitable oil pump 55, which may be a gear pump with gearing connections (not shown) to the burner shaft 4 to operate in ardetermined ratio thereto. The output of the pump is connected by pipe 58 to a heated oil and pressure'tank 58 which is connected to the pump intake by pipes 58, 68, 6I and 62 to establish,

when open, an initial or preheating cycle of the l oil through the pump and tank. Duringv this starting cycle, means for preheating of. the oil in the tank 58 i's employed and which is here shcw'n as an electric resistance coil heater 64.

Upon rise of the oil temperature to a determined eifective degree, provision is made for closing the preheating cycle and to then deliver the fuel oil from a main supply tank through the heating element or coil c and through the pump to the tank 58 and when the required pressure therein is built up from the tank 58 to the burner 'for normal operation with constant deliveryof preheated oil to the burner nozzle. The arrangement therefor comprises a pressure actuated valve member v interposed in the pipe 60 having a valve controlled port 64 opening to the burner oil feed pipel 58. The opening of port 64 is Acontrolled by a needle valve 65 carried by a exible disc 61 Within a chamber 68 in communication with pipe 60 through openings 18 whereby pressure within pipe 60 will operate vto open the valve 85.

Automatic control for the closingof the initial preheating cycle of oil is ilected by means of a thermally responsive relay switch element 12 at the junction of pipes 58-60 which, when sufciently heated, closes a circuit through leads 14 to the winding` of a solenoid valve 16 closing same against seat 11 in opposition to the influence of spring 18 normally moving the armature 19 for opening the valve.

'Ihe main oil feed pipe from a suitable supply tank isshown at 88, having check valve 8|, and connects at 82 to one end of the preheating element c and at the opposite end, at 83, the heating element is connected by pipe 85 to pipe 162 and the oil pump 55. As a result of the arrangement, insofar as described, upon preheating of the oil from tank 58 by closed cycle circulation through pipes 58, 60, 6I, 62, pump 55 and connection 58 under the inuence of heating element 64', as explained, the temperature rise will close the relay switch 12 and in consequence the solenoid controlled valve 16. The operation of the oil pump 55 will then raise the pressure in,

the tank 58 and oil delivery line 58-80 acting on disc 61`to open. needle valve 65 for oil delivery to the burner through pipe 50, the oil intake to the burner being constantly from the heated oiltank 58; the renewal supply of oil to the pump and system entering through pipe 88 and passing through yheating element c and pipe 85 to the pump and to tank 58. A pressure relief valve 86 is provided communicating by pipe -81 with the tank 58 and by return pipe 88 with the oil supply tank for maintaining constant the desired operating oil pressure. 'I'he feed of the oil to the burner through pipe 50 is adjustably regulated by means of the set screw 80 arranged to limit the opening of thefvalve 65.

Further automatic regulation of the burner action is provided to be responsive to the steam pressure generatedfor which purpose a steam connection 82 is lmade to the lower .portion of valve chamber 88, below the disc 61 whereby excess pressure, as determined, will automatically Y operateto close the valve 85 and reduce the fuel oil feed to the burner and at the same time provision is made to proportionately reduce the air intake to the burner for supporting the combustion. The latter as shown in Figs. 1 and 5 comprises a rotary shutter valve 84 for reducing the air intake openings 35 and 41, the shutter being supported upon bearing hub 85 having crank eiitension 86 aixed thereto and connected by link 81 to spring expansible element 88 within a cham' ber member 88, supported on plate 31, and,hav ing 4steam connection |80 thereto. In operation as will be readily. understood, excess of steam pressure will operate throlrgdl; connection 81,110 rotate the shutter 84 to cut wn the air supply.

Amain air supply through While I have shown and described an approved structural embodiment of the features of my invention it will be understood that varied modications thereof may be made without departing from the scope of4 the invention'as defined in the appended claims.

Having described my invention, I claim:

comprising a supporting member adapted for attachment to a fire door of a furnace, a .rotatable spindle journalled therein, a burner nozzle supported by the supporting member and comprising an outer chamber member and a rotatable vaporizer member positioned in spaced relation to and within the chamber member to provide an outer air passage therebetween, said vaporizer member being connected to the spindle and having spaced inner and outer cup members providing an annular passage therebetween, means for delivering fuel oil within the inner cup member, an air preheater carriedv by the supporting member .in position to surround the outer chamber member and to be exposed to the heat of the furnace combustion chamber, means for irnpelling preheated air from the preheater through the inner annular passage, means for delivering a the. outer passage and means for rotating the spindle.

2. An oil burner of the 'character described comprising a supporting member adapted. for attachment to a re door of a furnace, a rotatable spindle `journalled therein, a burner nozzle carried by the supporting member and comprising an outer chamber member anda rotatable vaporizer member positioned in spaced relation tc and within the chamber member to provide an outer air passage therebetween, said vaporizer member being connected to the spindle and having spaced inner and outer cup members providing an inner air passage therebetween, fan blades disposed in said inner passage between the cup members, a preheating chamber member carried by the supporting member and surrounding the outer chamber member in position to be exposed to the furnace heat, means for conducting fuel oil through the preheating chamber and to the inner'cup member, means for conducting air direct from the tachrnent to a fire door of a 1. An oil burner of the character described preheating chamber to the inner air passage, means for delivering a main air supply through the outer air passage and means for rotating the spindle.

3. An oil burner of the character described comprising a supporting member adapted for atfurnace, a rotatable vspindle journalled therein, a burner nozzle comprising an outer chamber member and a rotatable vaporizer member positioned in spaced relation to and within the chamber member to provide an outer air passage therebetween, said vaporizer member being connected to the spindle and having spaced inner and outer cup members providing an inner passage therebetween, a preheating chamber member supported to surround the burner nozzle in position to be subjected to the furnace heat, an oil heating coil positioned in the chamber thereof, conduits for delivering heated oil to the inner cup member, means for conducting air direct from the preheating chamber to the inner air passage, means for delivering a main air supply to the outer air passage and means for rotating the spindle.

4. An oil burner of the character described comprising a supporting member, a rotatable spindle, a burner nozzle comprising an outer chamber member and a rotatable vaporizer merriber positioned in spaced relation to and within the chamber member to provide an outer air passage therebetween, said vaporizer member being connected to the spindle and having spaced inner and outer cup members providing an inner air passage therebetween, means for delivering fuel oil within the inner cup member, an air preheater positioned to surrond the outer chamber member and to be exposed to the heat of the combustion chamber, means for delivering air from the preheater through the inner air passage,

a fan carried by the spindle, a conduit from said fan for delivering a main air supply to the outer passage, a conduit for by-passing air from the preheater to the main air supply passage, a valve in said by-passing conduit and means for rotating the spindle.

ALBERT CLARENCE JOHNSON. 

